An investigation into L1 interference in Lao EFL students’ writing and translation for curriculum and teaching improvement
Abstract
L1 interference in Lao students’ English writing and translation is widely believed to be a source of errors, but it has not been taken into account. As a result, students’ English becomes interlanguage which is considered as an error. This research aimed at investigating the students’ errors in English writing and translation. To collect data, writing and translation tests were administered to 213 (= 30%) EFL university students in the Department of English Language (DEL) in a university in Vientiane Capital, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR). The data were annually analyzed, categorized and counted up participants making errors in percentage. It took approximately six months to finish analyzing errors in 213 English paragraphs and 213 translation-test papers. Both grammatical and lexical errors in sentence level were found due to direct translation word for word from Lao into English. It was also found the percentage of participants making errors in writing and translation was not much different. The results could be used in the curriculum and teaching improvement.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFArticle Metrics
Abstract view : 918 times | PDF view : 326 timesReferences
Abushihab, I., Hussein El-Omari, A., & Tobat, M. (2011). Arab learners of English as a foreign language at Alzaytoonah Private University of Jordan. European Journal of Social Sciences, 20(4), 543-552. https://sharifling.files.wordpress.com/2019/02/3.-an-analysis-of-written-grammatical-errors-of-arab-learners.pdf
Bennui, P. (2008). A study of L1 interreference in the writing of Thai EFL students. Malaysian Journal of ELT Research, 4, 72–102. https://melta.org.my/journals/MAJER/downloads/majer04_01_06.pdf
Bhela, B. (1999). Native language interference in learning a second language: exploratory case studies of native language interference with target language usage. International Education Journal, 1(1), 22-31.
Brown, H. D. (1980). Principles of language learning and teaching. Englewood Gliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Bustomi, A. (2009). An error analysis on students’ descriptive writing: a case study on student of Harapan Jaya Senior High School at Cipondoh, Tangerang (Unpublished thesis). Universitas Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia. https://repository.uinjkt.ac.id/dspace/bitstream/123456789/8216/1/AHMAD%20BUSTOMI-FAH.pdf
Celce-Murcia, M., & Larsen-Freeman, D. (1999). The grammar book: an ESL/EFL teacher’s course. USA: Heinle & Heinle Publishers.
Corder, S. P. (1981). Errors analysis and interlanguage. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Creswell, J. W. (2014). Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods approaches. California, USA: SAGE Publications, Inc.
Ellis, R. (1985). Understanding second language acquisition. Great Britain: Oxford University Press.
Erkaya, O. R. (2012). Vocabulary and L1 interference-error analysis of Turkish students’ English essays. MEXTESOL Journal, 36(2), 1-11. http://www.mextesol.net/journal/index.php?page=journal&id_article=167
Fithriani, R., Dalimunthe, M., Rafida, T., Daulay, S. H., & Salmiah, M. (2020). L1 interference on L2 acquisition: a case study of a Chinese learner in the U.S. In Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Multidisciplinary Research – ICMR (pp. 584–588). Setúbal, Portugal: Scitepress Digital Library. https://doi.org/10.5220/0008890805840588
Gass, S., & Selinker, L. (1994). Second language acquisition: an introductory course. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.
Hayati, M. (1998). A contrastive analysis of English and Persian stress. Papers and Studies in Contrastive Linguistic, 34, 53-72.
Heydari, P., & Bagheri, M. S. (2012). Error analysis: sources of L2 learners’ errors. Theory and Practice in Language Studies, 2(8), 1583–1589. https://doi.org/10.4304/tpls.2.8.1583-1589
Hyland, K. (2003). Second language writing. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Islam, S. M. (2020). L1 interference in the acquisition of English syntax and lexis. Journal of Education and Social Sciences, 15(1), 56-70. https://www.jesoc.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/07/JESOC15_315.pdf
James, C. (1998). Errors in language learning and use. Harlow, England: Addison Wesley Longman.
Jie, X. U. (2008). Error theories and second language acquisition. US-China Foreign Language, 6(1), 35-42. https://pdfcoffee.com/error-therories-and-second-language-acquisition-pdf-free.html
Karim, K., & Nassaji, H. (2013). First language transfer in second language writing: an examination of current research. Iranian Journal of Language Teaching Research, 1(1), 117-134. https://journal.urmia.ac.ir/article_20456.html
Kaweera, C. (2013). Writing error: a review of interlingual and intralingual interference in EFL context. English Language Teaching, 6(7), 9–18. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n7p9
Keomany, T. (2006). Consensus building for curriculum improvement based on evaluation of student achievement in the Department of English, Faculty of Letters, National University of Laos (Unpublished thesis). Hiroshima University, Higashi Hiroshima, Japan.
Khamphanh, M., & Kommaly, L. (2020). Students’ difficulties and strategies in translation from English texts into Lao: a case of the third-year students in DEL, Faculty of Letters, NUOL (Unpublished thesis). National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Khoshsima, H., & Banaruee, H. (2017). L1 interfering and L2 developmental writing errors among Iranian EFL learners. European Journal of English Language Teaching, 2(4). 1-15. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.802945
Lorvanhnoy, S., Khampanya, S., & Singpatthoum, P. (2016). Factors motivating students to learn grammar at the department of English, Faculty of Letters, National University of Laos (Unpublished thesis). National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Maros, M., Hua T. K. & Salehuddin, K. (2007). Interference in learning English: grammatical errors in English essay writing among rural Malay secondary school students in Malaysia. Journal e-Bangi, 2(2), 1-15. https://ejournal.ukm.my/ebangi/article/view/22041
Mojica, L. A. (2010). An investigation on self-reported writing problems and actual writing deficiencies of EFL learners in the beginners’ level. TESOL Journal, 2, 24-38. https://tesol-international-journal.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/A3V2_TESOL.pdf
Norrish, J. (1983). Language learners and their errors: essential language teaching series. London: The Macmillan Press Ltd.
Odlin, T. (1989). Language transfer: cross-linguistic influence in language learning. NY: Cambridge University Press.
Oliva, P. F. (1969). The teaching of foreign languages. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Richards, J. C. (1984). Errors analysis: perspectives on second language acquisition. Harlow: Longman.
Ridha, N. (2012). The effect of EFL learners’ mother tongue on their writings in English: an error analysis study. Journal of the College of Arts University of Basrah, 60, 22-45. https://www.iasj.net/iasj/download/e6fd0762cb4916a6
Sabbah, S. S. (2015). Negative transfer: Arabic language interference to learning English. Arab World English Journal (AWEJ) Special Issue on Translation, 4, 269–288. https://dx.doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2844015
Sarfraz, S. (2011). Error analysis of the written English essays of Pakistani undergraduate students: a case study. Asian Transactions on Basic & Applied Sciences, 1(3), 29-51. https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=10.1.1.676.1819
Sattayatham, A., & Honsa, S. (2007). Medical students’ most frequent errors at Mahidol University, Thailand. The Asian EFL Journal Quarterly, 9(2), 170-194. http://asian-efl-journal.com/main-editions-new/medical-students-most-frequent-errors-at-mahidol-university-thailand/index.htm
Sattayatham, A., & Ratanapinyowong, P. (2008). Analysis of errors in paragraph writing in English by first year medical students from the four medical schools at Mahidol University. Silpakorn University International Journal, 8, 17-38. https://www.thaiscience.info/Journals/Article/SUIJ/10499015.pdf
Sawalmeh, M. H. M. (2013). Error analysis of written English essays: the case of students of the Preparatory Year Program in Saudi Arabia. English for Specific Purposes World, 14(40), 1-17.
Sermsook, K., Liamnimitr, J., & Pochakorn, R. (2017). An analysis of errors in written English sentences: a case study of Thai EFL students. English Language Teaching, 10(3), 101-110. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v10n3p101
Sharma, L. R. (2018). Error analysis of written English essays: the case of bachelor first year education students of three campuses in Makawanpur District, Nepal. Journal of Emerging Technologies and Innovative Research (JETIR), 5(8), 433-440.
Silva, T. (1993). Toward an understanding of the distinct nature of L2 writing: the ESL research and its implications. TESOL Quarterly, 27(4), 657-677. https://doi.org/10.2307/3587400
Simbolon, M. (2015). An analysis of grammatical errors on speaking activities. Journal on English as a Foreign Language, 5(2), 71-85. https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v5i2.368
Sisouvanh, P., Phommaboud, B., Nouanenavong, O., Paphaphanh, B., Sengsoulinh, B., & Sihalarth, S. (2000). Vaiyaakone Lao pat choubanh: Vachii vi phaak. [Lao grammar in present: parts of speech]. Ministry of Education and Sports. Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Sisouphakone, V., & Chaayang, C. (2020). Investigating students’ problems in English speaking in the classroom at DEL, Faculty of Letters, NUOL (Unpublished thesis). National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Smyth, D. (2002). Thai: an essential grammar. New York: Routledge
Soulignavong, L. (2007). The evaluation of English achievement in the Department of English, Faculty of Letters, National University of Laos and its application for curriculum improvement (Unpublished thesis). Hiroshima University, Higashi Hiroshima, Japan.
Taba, H. (1962). Curriculum development: theory and practice. Harcourt, Brace & World, Inc.
Vongkhamchanh, M., Vanengchue, B., & Chanboualapha, S. (2015). Factors affecting students’ learning towards English-Lao translation and interpretation at DEL, Faculty of Letters, NUOL (Unpublished research paper). National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Vongphachanh, T., & Soukhathammavong, C. (2020). Students’ perceptions and challenges in learning English at the Department of English, Faculty of Letters, NUOL (Unpublished thesis). National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Watcharapunyawong, S., & Usaha, S. (2013). Thai EFL students’ writing errors in different text types: the interference of the first language. English Language Teaching, 6(1), 67–78. https://doi.org/10.5539/elt.v6n1p67
Xanouxay, M., & Somsanith, S. (2020). Students’ problems in learning thesis writing at the Department of English, Faculty of Letters, NUOL (Unpublished thesis). National University of Laos, Lao People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR).
Yahya, A., Ishak, H. B., Zainal, Z., Faghat, L. J., & Yahaya, N. (2012). Error analysis of L2 learners’ writings, a case study. In Proceedings of International Conference on Language, Medias and Culture IPEDR Vol. 33 (pp. 114-118). Singapore: IACSIT Press. http://www.ipedr.com/vol33/023-ICLMC2012-L10016.pdf
DOI: https://doi.org/10.23971/jefl.v12i2.4105
Article Metrics
Abstract view : 918 timesPDF - 326 times
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 THE AUTHOR(S)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
JEFL is published by Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palangka Raya in collaboration with the Association of Teachers of English Linguistics, Literature and Education (ELITE Association) in Indonesia [MoU manuscript].
Editor and Administration Address:
Department of English Language Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Institut Agama Islam Negeri (IAIN) Palangka Raya, Jalan G. Obos Komplek Islamic Centre Palangka Raya, Kalimantan Tengah, Indonesia, Postal Code 73111, Email: jefl@iain-palangkaraya.ac.id, Website: http://e-journal.iain-palangkaraya.ac.id/index.php/jefl
OAI address of JEFL is available at http://e-journal.iain-palangkaraya.ac.id/index.php/jefl/oai

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.