Kontrak Waralaba Perspektif Teori Multi Akad (Analisis Kontrak Waralaba Makanan Seblak Coy di Surakarta)
Abstract
ABSTRACT
Franchise is an agreement regarding the method of distributing goods or services to consumer. This business must be run according to the procedure and manner specified by the franchisor to the franchisee. Franchise contracts in Indonesia have legal provisions issued by government authorities to bring order to regulate franchise business activities. On the other hand, to protect Indonesian people who are predominantly muslim, it is necessary to study the legal clarity of the franchise business in therm of Islamic law. The focus of the problem in this research is how the franchise contract according to the perspective of multi-contract theory. Seblak Coy is one of the culinary franchise business in Indonesia wich is the object of this research, and uses multi-contract theory as the contract analysis knife. This research is a qualitative descriptive study using secondary data sources such us using books on franchising and research related contract as a theory of analysis and primari sources from direct interviews with Seblak Coy owners. The result showed that the franchise practices carried out by the culinary business of Seblak Coy belong to the multi-contract category, and the elements have been fulfilled because the contract that occur are interdependent with each other, namely the musyarakah, ijarah, ibtikar (copyright). This is known through analysis that shows the fulfillment of multi-contract elements contained in the franchise contract in Seblak Coy.
Keyword: Franchisor, Franchisee, Musyarakah, Ijarah, Ibtikar.
INTISARI
Waralaba merupakan sebuah perjanjian mengenai metode pendistribusian barang ataupun jasa kepada konsumen. Usaha ini harus dijalankan sesuai prosedur dan cara yang ditetapkan oleh franchisor kepada franchisee. Kontrak Waralaba di Indonesia terdapat ketentuan hukum yang dikeluarkan oleh otoritas pemerintah untuk menertibkan kegiatan bisnis waralaba. Di sisi lain, untuk melindungi masyarakat Indonesia yang mayoritas beragama Islam, perlu dikaji kejelasan hukum dari bisnis waralaba tersebut dipandang dari sudut hukum Islam. Fokus masalah dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana kontrak waralaba menurut perspektif teori multi akad. Seblak Coy merupakan salah satu bisnis waralaba kuliner di Indonesia yang menjadi objek penelitian ini, dan menggunakan tori multi akad sebagai pisau analisis kontraknya. Penelitian ini termasuk jenis penelitian deskriptif kualitatif dengan menggunakan sumber data sekunder seperti menggunakan buku-buku mengenai waralaba dan akad-akad terkait penelitian sebagai teori bahan analisis dan sumber primer dari wawancara langsung dengan pemilik Seblak Coy. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa praktik waralaba yang dilakukan oleh usaha kuliner Seblak Coy termasuk kedalam kategori multi akad, dan telah terpenuhi unsur-unsurnya karena akad yang terjadi saling berketergantungan satu sama lain, yaitu akad musyarakah, akad Ijarah dan Ibtika>r (hak cipta). Hal tersebut diketahui melalui analisis yang menunjukkan terpenuhinya unsur-unsur multi akad yang terdapat pada kontrak waralaba di Seblak Coy.
Kata Kunci: Franchisor, Franchisee, Musyarakah, Ijarah, Ibtikar.
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Abstract view : 651 times | PDF (Bahasa Indonesia) view : 480 timesDOI: https://doi.org/10.23971/maslahah.v10i1.1869
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El-Mashlahah is published by Sharia Faculty of State Islamic Institute (IAIN) Palangka Raya in association with the Asosiasi Dosen Hukum Keluarga Islam (ADHKI) Indonesia and Perkumpulan Program Studi dan Dosen Hukum Ekonomi Syariah Indonesia (POSDHESI).
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