Konstribusi Muhammad Aṭ-Ṭāhir Ibnu ‘Āsyūr terhadap Maqāṣid Asy-Syarī’ah
Abstract
This paper discusses the concept of Ibn ‘Āsyūr's maqāṣid asy-syarī'ah in his renewal of the previous maqāṣid asy-syarī'ah. Based on the results of the author's study, there are some important things that became the idea of renewing Ibn ‘Āsyūr; first: the idea of liberating (istiqlāl) maqāṣid asy-syarī'ah from the discipline of the Uṣūl Fiqh to become a discipline that stands alone. Second: three sources in establishing the maqāṣid asy-syarī'ah, namely; istiqrā', the Qur'an which has clear legal reasons, and the Sunnah mutawātir. Third: maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah has three levels (martabah), namely; definite (qaṭ’iy), approaching definite (qarīban min al-Qaṭ’iy), and conjecture (ẓanniy). Fourth: maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah is divided into two kinds; maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah al-‘ammah and maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah al-khaṣṣah. In the maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah al-‘ammah there are four basic foundations of the Shari'a; fitrah (al-fitrah), moderate (as-samāḥah), egalitarian (al-musāwāh) and freedom (al-hurriyah). Whereas maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah al-khaṣṣah works to implement maqāṣid asy-syarī’ah al-‘ammah in certain laws.
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.23971/elma.v11i1.2067
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